Refined Formal Garden. The refined formal garden is developedthrough the use of various types of perennials and annuals. The samerules apply to the general maintenance of a garden of this kind thatapply to the general maintenance of perennials and annuals. Thistype of garden however, unlike the other types of gardens, rockgarden, wild garden, informal garden, etc., should, if developed, beperfectly maintained. A formal flower garden for its real successdepends upon well-defined masses and definite major and minor axislines. Extreme care should be devoted to the clipping of all hedgesand the maintenance of the outlines of the definite masses of plants.All turf borders and walks should be neatly trimmed and carefullyedged and little if any of the informal loose effect, so common to theinformal garden and to the wild garden, should be permitted. Theauthor attempts to discuss this question together with the question ofmaintenance pertaining to the other types of gardens in order to makeclear that in the selection of the plants in landscape work the item ofsubsequent maintenance is one of the important factors in the success-ful development of the formal flower garden to an even greater extentthan in other types of gardens.