For severe pruning, thin out to the base all but three to five shoots,with two to three buds on each shoot. Less severe pruning requiresthe same number of shoots to be cut back to from five to ten buds.For medium pruning, leave four to seven shoots and cut each back to
one-half of its height. Always cut the stem one-fourth to one-halfinch immediately above a strong bud that points out from the centre ofthe plant. When a plant has been pruned the shoots should beleft as nearly as possible equi-distant from each other and arrangedaround the plant, so that it presents a well-balanced appearance on allsides with an uncrowded centre. With some hybrid perpetuals andclimbers, if considerable length of stem is cut with the flowers, theplants can be induced to make some autumn bloom. Seeds shouldnever be permitted to ripen on rose bushes, as the effect of this isextremely weakening to the plant.